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2.
RGO (Porto Alegre) ; 71: e20230016, 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1449012

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: The purpose of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the efficiency of three different instruments in the root canals of artificial primary molars as well as the quality of the fillings. Methods: Sixty artificial primary molars were divided into three groups of 20 teeth. Each group was submitted to a different technique: Group 1 - conventional manual technique using Kerr files; Group 2 - manual technique with nickel-titanium files; Group 3 - NiTi rotary technique. The root canals were filled with calcium hydroxide paste. Aspects such as homogeneity of the fillings, taper and flowability of the preparations were considered comparatively to assess the quality of the instrumentations. The non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare the efficiency of the preparation of the root canal considering the preparation times of them. Results: All three techniques were equally effective at shaping the root canals of primary teeth. The working time was shorter with the rotary instrument (p=0.000). In the pairwise comparisons, working time was shorter with the rotary instrument compared to the manual techniques with steel files (p=0.000) and NiTi files (p=0.000). Comparing the manual techniques, the working time was shorter with NiTi files compared to steel files (p=0.011). Moreover, less variability in the preparation time was found when the rotary instrument was used. Conclusions: The mechanized rotary method led to a shorter operating time in comparison to the manual techniques and is therefore a preferable option for the preparation of the root canals of primary teeth.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a eficiência de três instrumentos diferentes nos canais radiculares de molares decíduos artificiais, bem como a qualidade das obturações. Métodos: Sessenta molares decíduos artificiais foram divididos em três grupos de 20 dentes. Cada grupo foi submetido a uma técnica diferente: Grupo 1 - técnica manual convencional com limas Kerr; Grupo 2 - técnica manual com limas de níquel-titânio; Grupo 3 - Técnica rotatória de níquel-titânio. Os canais radiculares foram preenchidos com pasta de hidróxido de cálcio. Aspectos como homogeneidade das obturações, conicidade e fluidez das preparações foram considerados comparativamente para avaliar a qualidade das instrumentações. Os testes não paramétricos de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney foram utilizados para comparar a eficiência do preparo do canal radicular considerando os tempos de preparo dos mesmos. Resultados: Todas as três técnicas foram igualmente eficazes na modelagem dos canais radiculares. O tempo de trabalho foi menor com o instrumento rotatório (p=0,000). Nas comparações pareadas, o tempo de trabalho foi menor com o instrumento rotatório em comparação com as técnicas manuais com limas de aço (p=0,000) e limas de NiTi (p=0,000). Comparando as técnicas manuais, o tempo de trabalho foi menor com as limas de NiTi em comparação com as limas de aço (p=0,011). Além disso, foi encontrada menor variabilidade no tempo de preparo quando o instrumento rotatório foi utilizado. Conclusão: O método rotatório levou um menor tempo operatório em comparação com as técnicas manuais e, portanto, é uma opção preferível para o preparo dos canais radiculares de dentes decíduos.

3.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 80(11): 1090-1096, Nov. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1429870

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background Lacosamide (LCM) is a third-generation anti-seizure drug approved in Europe and the United States, either as a monotherapy or adjunctive therapy, to treat partial-onset seizures in adults, adolescents, and children. In Brazil, LCM is licensed for treatment only in patients older than 16 years of age. Objective To evaluate a cohort of children presenting with refractory epilepsy who received LCM as an add-on therapy and observe the response and tolerability to the LCM treatment. Methods A retrospective cohort study conducted in a tertiary health care facility, which included 26 children, aged up to 16 years, who presented with refractory epilepsy and received LCM as an add-on treatment. The follow-up visits were scheduled every 3 months until 9 months of treatment with LCM. Results After 3 months of LCM administration, in 73.1% of the children, there was a reduction of > 50% in the frequency of seizures, and this clinical improvement was maintained in most patients (73.9%) for the following 9 months. Mild (such as, somnolence and behavioral changes) or severe (seizure worsening) adverse effects were observed in two and three children respectively. Among responders to LCM, there was a higher prevalence of males, fewer concomitant anti-seizure drugs, and lower percentage of patients using sodium channel blockers. Conclusions Lacosamide should be considered as an early treatment option in pediatric patients with refractory epilepsy, mainly focal seizures.


Resumo Antecedentes Lacosamida (LCM) é um fármaco anticrise de terceira geração aprovado na Europa e nos Estados Unidos, utilizado como monoterapia ou terapia adjuvante para tratar crises epilépticas focais em adultos, adolescentes e crianças. No Brasil, a LCM só é aprovada para tratamento em pacientes com mais de 16 anos de idade. Objetivo Avaliar uma coorte de crianças com epilepsia refratária que receberam LCM como terapia adjuvante e observar a resposta e tolerabilidade ao tratamento. Métodos Um estudo de coorte retrospectivo conduzido em uma unidade terciária de saúde, que incluiu 26 crianças de até 16 anos de idade que apresentavam epilepsia refratária e receberam um tratamento complementar com LCM. As visitas de acompanhamento foram agendadas a cada 3 meses, até 9 meses de tratamento com LCM. Resultados Após 3 meses de administração de LCM, em 73,1% das crianças, a frequência das crises teve uma redução maior do que 50%, e essa melhora clínica foi mantida na maioria dos pacientes (73,9%) pelos 9 meses seguintes. Efeitos adversos leves (como, sonolência e alterações comportamentais) ou graves (agravamento das crises) foram observados em duas e três crianças, respectivamente. Entre as crianças que responderam ao tratamento com LCM, houve uma maior prevalência do sexo masculino, o uso de um menor número de medicações anticrise associadas e o uso de bloqueadores dos canais de sódio. Conclusões A LCM deve ser considerada uma opção de tratamento precoce em pacientes pediátricos com epilepsia refratária, principalmente aqueles que apresentam crises focais.

4.
Eng. sanit. ambient ; 26(5): 805-811, set.-out. 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1346017

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Red mud, a waste product generated during alumina extraction from bauxite, could be used as a low-cost adsorbent. Here, the effect of thermal treatment on the adsorption of Reactive Blue 19 (RB19) dye by red mud was compared with the adsorption capacity of untreated red mud. Thermal treatment of red mud at 500°C results in an increase in adsorption capacity from 357 mg g-1 (untreated red mud) to 416 mg g-1, under acidic conditions. Red mud samples thermally treated at 600°C and 800°C show a reduction in adsorption capacity, however, falling to 337 mg g-1, in acid medium. The change in the maximum adsorption capacity of red mud to RB19 following thermal treatment is associated with specific surface area. Red mud subjected to 500°C can be used for the treatment of water and wastewaters with a higher efficiency than untreated red mud, thus finding possible application in the textile industry.


RESUMO O resíduo de refino de bauxita (lama vermelha) é um resíduo importante gerado na produção de alumínio, podendo ser utilizado como adsorvente de baixo custo. Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a influência do tratamento térmico na adsorção do corante azul reativo (RB19) por lama vermelha, comparando com a capacidade de adsorção de lama vermelha não tratada termicamente. O tratamento térmico da lama vermelha até 500°C resultou em aumento da capacidade de adsorção, variando seu valor de 357 mg g-1 (lama vermelha não tratada) a 416 mg g-1, em condições ácidas. No entanto, amostras de lama vermelha tratadas termicamente a 600 e 800°C mostraram uma redução na capacidade de adsorção, chegando a 337 mg g-1 em meio ácido. A mudança na capacidade máxima de adsorção de RB 19 na lama vermelha tratada termicamente está associada a valores de área superficial específica. Assim, é possível concluir que a lama vermelha tratada termicamente em 500°C pode ser utilizada para o tratamento de água e águas residuárias com maior eficiência do que a lama vermelha natural nas indústrias têxteis, contribuindo para novos insights sobre possíveis aplicações na indústria têxtil.

5.
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1344680

ABSTRACT

This study evaluated the fatty acid composition and qualitative characteristics of meat from lambs feed in feedlot with increasing levels of canola grain. Meat obtained from 27 lambs fed 0, 8 and 16% inclusion of canola grain were analyzed. There was a reduction in the content of saturated fatty acids (SFA): lauric, heptadecanoic, and stearic; and unsaturated fatty acids (UFA): palmitoleic, oleic, and eicosatrienoic, with the increasing levels of canola grain. There was a linear reduction for the ω3 acid and the ω3: ω6 ratio, while the ω6: ω3 ratio increased. But the values observed for this ratio (ω6: ω3) were lower than 4, which is considered a satisfactory value. There was a slight increase (~2%) for the thrombogenicity index and atherogenicity index with the inclusion of canola grain. There was a reduction in the hypocholesterolemic: hypercholesterolemic ratio, with mean values of 2.09 for the diet with 0% inclusion, and 2.06 for 8 and 16% inclusion of canola. Although the inclusion of canola grain for lambs decreased the content of some UFA, reflecting alterations in the correlated nutritional properties, there is a reduction of SFA. The results for instrumental analysis, proximate composition, and sensory acceptance of the lamb meat were similar among the treatments.(AU)


Objetivou-se avaliar a composição dos ácidos graxos e as características qualitativas da carne de cordeiros terminados com níveis crescentes de canola grão na dieta. Foram estudadas amostras de carne provenientes de 27 cordeiros, confinados por 45 dias e alimentados com 00, 08 e 16% de inclusão de canola grão. Houve efeito para os ácidos graxos saturados (AGS): laurico, heptadecanoico e esteárico; ácidos graxos monoinsaturados (AGMI): palmitoleico e oleico; e ácidos graxos polinsaturados (AGPI): eicosatrienoico. Estes ácidos reduziram à medida que os níveis da canola grão aumentaram. Para os AGMI, houve efeito com maior concentração no músculo dos cordeiros alimentados sem a canola grão (49,80%). Houve uma redução linear para o ácido ω3 e para a relação ω3:ω6, enquanto que a relação ω6:ω3 aumentou. A canola grão influenciou o índice de aterogenicidade, com média de 0,57 para o tratamento com 0% de inclusão e 0,58 para os tratamentos com 8% e 16% de inclusão. Observou-se aumento linear para o índice de trombogenicidade com a inclusão da canola grão, cujas médias foram, respectivamente, 0,16, 0,17 e 0,18 para os tratamentos 0%, 8% e 16% de inclusão. Houve redução para a relação hipocolesterolêmicos-hipercolesterolêmicos, com médias de 2,09 para a dieta com 0% de inclusão, e 2,06 para 8% e 16% de inclusão da canola em grão na dieta. A canola grão não influenciou a análise instrumental, composição centesimal e atributos sensoriais da carne.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Sheep , Fatty Acids/analysis , Lipids , Meat/analysis , Brassica napus
6.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1135496

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy (aPDT) in infected deciduous teeth by quantifying the viable bacteria in root canal treatment. Material and Methods: Radicular canal cultures were collected (n= 10). Four intra-canal samples were collected at four different times in each of the sampled teeth, as follows: Time 1 (T1), baseline: After opening the pulp-chamber; Time 2 (T2): After application of aPDT; Time 3 (T3): After mechanical, chemical manipulation; Time 4 (T4): After a second application of aPDT. The aPDT was performed with a 4J/cm energy low-intensity diode, together with 0.005% methylene blue as a photosensitizer. The clinical specimens were taken to the laboratory for a bacteria count (colony forming units) and the results were statistically analyzed using the Friedman and Wilcoxon tests, with a significance level of α=0.05. Results: Statistical differences were seen between the numbers of bacteria at times T1-T2, T1-T3 and T1-T4 on the cultivated plates. However, no significant statistical differences were observed between the number of bacteria in samples T2-T3, T2-T4 and T3-T4. Conclusion: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy can be a good co-adjuvant in root canal decontamination of necrotic primary teeth.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Photochemotherapy/instrumentation , Tooth, Deciduous , Dental Pulp Necrosis/diagnostic imaging , Low-Level Light Therapy/instrumentation , Brazil/epidemiology , Pilot Projects , Statistics, Nonparametric , Tooth, Nonvital/diagnosis
7.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 20: e5039, 2020. tab, graf
Article in English | BBO, LILACS | ID: biblio-1135508

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To discover the perceptions of pediatric patients, their parents and undergraduate Dentistry students of the use of the diode laser in frenectomy surgeries. Material and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted through semi-structured interviews, recorded and transcribed with subsequent content analysis. Twelve healthy children (5-8 years old) who needed a frenectomy were selected and invited, together with their parents, to undergo laser diode surgery. In addition, 28 undergraduate dentistry students were invited to attend the procedures. One week after performing the surgical procedures, the children (Group 1), their parents (Group 2) and the students who attended the procedures (Group 3) were individually interviewed for the thematic analysis. Results: The analysis of the conversations identified three emerging contents: positive thoughts on the use of diode laser; frustrations from the use of diode laser; and aspects related to professional training. Conclusion: The results pointed to the acceptance of surgical laser use in pediatric dentistry; however, the feelings of frustration indicate that its use requires guidance from the child and his/her parents, in addition to careful handling and specific training.


Subject(s)
Pediatric Dentistry , Laser Therapy/instrumentation , Lasers, Semiconductor/therapeutic use , Gingival Diseases/surgery , Labial Frenum/surgery , Perception , Brazil/epidemiology , Qualitative Research
8.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1091636

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To perform an in vivo evaluation on the agreement between measurements of working length obtained by conventional radiographic examinations and an apex locator in deciduous teeth with or without root resorption. Material and Methods: Nine canals of teeth from children ranging from 3 to 5 years old were selected. Endodontic access was performed with a spherical diamond tip, the pulp was removed with Kerr-type steel files, and the canal was irrigated with 1% sodium hypochlorite. A file, compatible with the channel gauge, was then used to measure the length of the root canal with the apex locator. Conventional radiographs were also performed and, using a millimeter endodontic ruler, the length of the canal was determined. The differences between the measurements obtained between the two methods were analyzed using the Student's t-test. Results: The mean canal length for conventional radiography was 9.83 mm and 9.67 mm for the apex locator. The results of this study did not show significant differences (p=0.641), independent of the presence or absence of physiological root resorption. Conclusion: The similarity in measurements obtained with X-ray or an apex locator indicates that it is not necessary to use X-rays as a complement to obtain the working length. The use of the apex locator can provide a quicker treatment, reducing the clinical time and stress of the child.


Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Tooth, Deciduous , In Vitro Techniques/methods , Radiography, Dental/instrumentation , Tooth Apex/anatomy & histology , Odontometry/methods , Brazil , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Endodontics
9.
Arch. Head Neck Surg ; 48(1): e00252018, Jan-Mar.2019.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1391040

ABSTRACT

A 47-year-old man, with complaints of dysphonia and snoring for 10 years, sought medical assistance and underwent physical evaluation and complementary tests that showed a non infiltrative, well-delimited, approximately 3 cm-large nodular lesion in the supraglottic region, occluding the laryngeal aditus during inspiration. It evolved with need for tracheostomy, followed by lateral pharyngotomy for excision of the lesion. Histologic and immunohistochemical examinations confirmed the rare diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma of the minor salivary gland located in the larynx. The patient is being followed up with improvement of the symptomatology and absence of lesion recurrence. Pleomorphic adenomas (PA) are heterogeneous benign tumors originating in the salivary gland.

10.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 52: e20180522, 2019. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013320

ABSTRACT

Abstract Listeria is an unusual pathogen that causes neonatal infection with high morbidity and mortality. We present the case of a premature newborn whose mother had a rash during pregnancy; the newborn had severe early sepsis because of Listeria monocytogenes and histopathologically suggestive findings of the placenta. Obstetricians and neonatologists should suspect listeriosis in cases with compatible epidemiological history, clinical features, and examination findings of the placenta.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Adult , Young Adult , Sepsis/microbiology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis , Listeriosis/microbiology , Listeria monocytogenes/isolation & purification , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , Sepsis/diagnosis , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology , Listeriosis/diagnosis , Listeriosis/transmission
11.
ABC., imagem cardiovasc ; 31(3)jul.-set. 2018. ilus, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-909374

ABSTRACT

A Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia, pelo Núcleo Vida de Ecocardiografia Transesofágica Intraoperatória (ETTI/SBA) juntamente com o Departamento de Imagem Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (DIC/SBC), fez uma força-tarefa para normatizar a feitura da ecocardiografia transesofágica intraoperatória para os anestesiologistas e ecocardiografistas brasileiros com base nas evidências científicas da Sociedade dos Anestesiologistas Cardiovasculares/Sociedade Americana de Ecocardiografia (SCA/ASE) e da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia


Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthesiology/methods , Anesthesiology/standards , Echocardiography, Transesophageal/methods , Echocardiography, Transesophageal/standards , Aortic Valve , Brazil , Esophagus , Evidence-Informed Policy , Guidelines as Topic/standards , Heart , Heart Atria , Heart Ventricles , Hemodynamic Monitoring/methods , Mitral Valve , Prospecting Probe , Pulmonary Artery , Thoracic Surgery/methods , Tricuspid Valve
12.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; 68(1): 1-32, Jan.-Feb. 2018. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, SES-SP | ID: biblio-897812

ABSTRACT

RESUMO A Sociedade Brasileira de Anestesiologia, pelo Núcleo Vida de Ecocardiografia Transe-sofágica Intraoperatória (ETTI/SBA) juntamente com o Departamento de Imagem Cardiovascularda Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (DIC/SBC), fez uma forc ̧a-tarefa para normatizar afeitura da ecocardiografia transesofágica intraoperatória para os anestesiologistas e ecocar-diografistas brasileiros com base nas evidências científicas da Sociedade dos AnestesiologistasCardiovasculares/Sociedade Americana de Ecocardiografia (SCA/ASE) e da Sociedade Brasileirade Cardiologia.


ABSTRACT Through the Life Cycle of Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiography(ETTI/SBA) the Brazilian Society of Anesthesiology, together with the Department of Cardi-ovascular Image of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology (DIC/SBC), createded a task force tostandardize the use of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography by Brazilian anesthesi-ologists and echocardiographers based on scientific evidence from the Society of CardiovascularAnesthesiologists/American Society of Echocardiography (SCA/ASE) and the Brazilian Society ofCardiology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Echocardiography, Transesophageal/standards , Heart/diagnostic imaging , Cardiac Surgical Procedures , Intraoperative Care , Echocardiography, Transesophageal/adverse effects , Echocardiography, Transesophageal/methods
13.
Arq. neuropsiquiatr ; 75(5): 282-287, May 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838913

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Atropine sulfate blocks the muscarinic receptors in the salivary glands and leads to reduced saliva production. There are no published studies about its use in children with cerebral palsy. Objective To report the effect of sublingual atropine sulfate to treat drooling in children with cerebral palsy by comparing the results of the Drooling Impact Scale in a non-controlled open clinical trial. Results Twenty-five children were assessed. The difference in the mean scores of the pre- and post-treatment scales reached statistical significance. There was a low frequency of side effects compared to studies with other anticholinergics. Conclusion The use of sublingual atropine sulfate seems to be safe and there is a reduction in the Drooling Impact Scale score, which suggests efficacy in the treatment of drooling in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy. Our results should be replicated in randomized, placebo-controlled studies with larger numbers of participants.


RESUMO O sulfato de atropina bloqueia os receptores muscarínicos nas glândulas salivares reduzindo a produção de saliva. Não há estudos publicados relativos ao seu uso para tratamento da sialorreia em crianças com paralisia cerebral. Objetivo Relatar o efeito do sulfato de atropina sublingual no tratamento da sialorreia em crianças com paralisia cerebral a partir da comparação dos resultados da Drooling Impact Scale em ensaio clínico aberto não controlado. Resultados Vinte e cinco crianças foram avaliadas. A diferença das pontuações médias nas escalas pré-tratamento e pós-tratamento atingiu significância estatística. Houve baixa frequência de efeitos colaterais em relação a outros anticolinérgicos. Conclusão O uso de sulfato de atropina sublingual parece ser seguro e está relacionado a uma redução na pontuação da Drooling Impact Scale, o que sugere eficácia no tratamento da sialorreia em crianças com paralisia cerebral. Nossos resultados devem ser replicados em estudos randomizados, placebo controlados, com maior número de participantes.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Atropine/administration & dosage , Sialorrhea/drug therapy , Cerebral Palsy/complications , Muscarinic Antagonists/administration & dosage , Atropine/adverse effects , Sialorrhea/etiology , Severity of Illness Index , Administration, Sublingual , Treatment Outcome , Muscarinic Antagonists/adverse effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
14.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 92(6): 549-558, Nov.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-829126

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To review the literature on sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy. Source of data: Non-systematic review using the keywords "sialorrhea" and "child" carried out in the PubMed®, LILACS®, and SciELO® databases during July 2015. A total of 458 articles were obtained, of which 158 were analyzed as they were associated with sialorrhea in children; 70 had content related to sialorrhea in cerebral palsy or the assessment and treatment of sialorrhea in other neurological disorders, which were also assessed. Data synthesis: The prevalence of sialorrhea is between 10% and 58% in cerebral palsy and has clinical and social consequences. It is caused by oral motor dysfunction, dysphagia, and intraoral sensitivity disorder. The severity and impact of sialorrhea are assessed through objective or subjective methods. Several types of therapeutic management are described: training of sensory awareness and oral motor skills, drug therapy, botulinum toxin injection, and surgical treatment. Conclusions: The most effective treatment that addresses the cause of sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy is training of sensory awareness and oral motor skills, performed by a speech therapist. Botulinum toxin injection and the use of anticholinergics have a transient effect and are adjuvant to speech therapy; they should be considered in cases of moderate to severe sialorrhea or respiratory complications. Atropine sulfate is inexpensive and appears to have good clinical response combined with good safety profile. The use of trihexyphenidyl for the treatment of sialorrhea can be considered in dyskinetic forms of cerebral palsy or in selected cases.


Resumo Objetivo: Revisar a literatura referente à sialorreia em crianças com paralisia cerebral. Fonte de dados: Revisão não sistemática com as palavras-chave "sialorreia"; e "criança" feita nas bases de dados Pubmed®, Lilacs® e Scielo® em julho de 2015. Foram recuperados 458 artigos, 158 foram analisados por terem relação com sialorreia em crianças, foram aproveitados 70 com conteúdo relativo à sialorreia na paralisia cerebral ou à avaliação e ao tratamento da sialorreia em outros distúrbios neurológicos. Síntese dos dados: A sialorreia tem prevalência entre 10% e 58% na paralisia cerebral e implica consequências clínicas e sociais. É causada por disfunção motora oral, disfagia e distúrbio da sensibilidade intraoral. A gravidade e o impacto da sialorreia são avaliados por meio de métodos objetivos ou subjetivos. Estão descritas diversas formas de manejo terapêutico: treino para consciência sensorial e habilidades motoras orais, terapia farmacológica, injeção de toxina botulínica e tratamento cirúrgico. Conclusões: O tratamento mais eficaz e que aborda a causa da sialorreia nas crianças com paralisia cerebral é o treino para consciência sensorial e habilidades motoras orais, feito por um fonoaudiólogo. Injeção de toxina botulínica e o uso de anticolinérgicos têm efeito transitório e são auxiliares ao tratamento fonoaudiológico ou devem ser considerados nos casos de sialorreia moderada a grave ou com complicações respiratórias. O sulfato de atropina tem baixo custo e parece ter boa resposta clínica com bom perfil de segurança. O uso de triexifenidil para o tratamento da sialorreia pode ser considerado nas formas discinéticas de paralisia cerebral ou em casos selecionados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Sialorrhea/etiology , Sialorrhea/therapy , Cerebral Palsy/complications , Sialorrhea/diagnosis , Sialorrhea/psychology , Social Isolation , Awareness/physiology , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Motor Skills/physiology
15.
Rev. bras. hematol. hemoter ; 38(2): 106-112, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-787664

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Children with sickle cell disease may have their quality of life affected by oral alterations. However, there is still little data on oral health-related quality of life in these children. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of sickle cell disease, socioeconomic characteristics, and oral conditions on oral health-related quality of life of children and teens. METHOD: One hundred and six children and teens with sickle cell disease were compared to a similar sample of 385 healthy peers. Data were collected through oral examinations, interviews to assess quality of life (Child Perceptions Questionnaire for children aged 8-10 and 11-14) and questionnaires containing questions on socioeconomic status. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the total scores of the Child Perceptions Questionnaires or domain scores comparing sickle cell disease patients to control subjects. When sub-scales were compared, oral symptoms and functional limitations had a greater negative impact on the quality of life of adolescents with sickle cell disease (p-value <0.001 and p-value <0.01, respectively) when compared to healthy controls. The only statistically significant determinants of negative impact on oral health-related quality of life in the overall sample was home overcrowding (more than two people/room) in the younger children's group, and dental malocclusion among teens. CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in the negative impact on the oral health-related quality of life between the group with sickle cell disease and the control group. Of the oral alterations, there was a significant difference in the oral health-related quality of life between adolescents with sickle cell disease and controls only in relation to malocclusion. Among the socioeconomic characteristics, only overcrowding was significantly associated with a negative impact on oral health-related quality of life.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Anemia, Sickle Cell , Child , Malocclusion , Oral Health , Quality of Life
16.
Belo Horizonte; s.n; 2016. 59 p. ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-913268

ABSTRACT

Apesar de sua capacidade de reparo, o tecido ósseo pode ser submetido a alguns tipos de fraturas, cirurgias ou patologias que podem levar a grandes defeitos ósseos. As principais estratégias de tratamento de defeitos ósseos são baseados em osteoindução ou osteocondução. Matriz dentinária desmineralizada humana (MDDH) é uma alternativa biocompatível para preencher defeitos ósseos, melhorando a qualidade e quantidade de osso produzido. 24 Ratos Wistar foram selecionados, submetidos à extração de ambos os segundos molares superiores (direito e esquerdo). Os alvéolos foram separados em dois grupos: controle (direita) preenchido com coágulo sanguíneo e experimental (esquerda) preenchido com MDDH. Os animais foram sacrificados aos 5, 10 e 21 dias. Foram realizadas análises histológicas, histomorfométricas (análise de variância - ANOVA e teste de Tukey) e imunohistoquímica para osteopontina (OPN) como indicador de osteogênese. Aos 5 dias MDDH foi incorporada pelas novas trabéculas ósseas. Aos 10 dias observou-se organização do tecido conjuntivo e trabéculas no grupo experimental. Detectou-se coloração intensa para OPN em área adjacente à MDDH no grupo experimental. Aos 21 dias no grupo experimental verificou-se trabéculas maduras. Houve diferença estatísticamente significatva (p <0,05). Maior número de trabéculas em grupos experimentais que nos grupos controle em todos os períodos de análise. MDDH implantadas em alvéolos de ratos, induz a aceleração da osteogênese. Presença OPN observada mais intensamente aos 10 dias próximo à MDDH


BACKGROUND - Despite its good capacity for regeneration, bone tissue subjected to some types of fractures or surgery that can lead to large bone defects. The major bone defects treatment strategies are based in osteoinduction or osteoconduction. Demineralized human dentin matrix (DHDM) is a biocompatible alternative to fill bone defect, improving the quantity and quality of bone produced. METHODS - Wistar rats were selected, submitted to the extraction of both second molars (right and left). Alveoli were separated into two groups: control (right) filled with blood clot and experimental (left) filled with DHDM. Animals were sacrificed at 5, 10 and 21 days. Histological and histoquantitative analyzes (analysis of variance - ANOVA, and Tukey's test) were performed and immunostaining for osteopontin (OPN) as osteogenesis indicator. RESULTS - 5 days - DHDM incorporated by new trabeculae. 10 days - connective tissue organization and new trabeculae in the experimental group. Intense staining for OPN close to DHDM in the experimental group. 21 days - experimental group showing mature trabeculae. Statistical difference observed (p<0.05). Higher number of trabeculae in experimental groups in all periods of analysis. CONCLUSIONS - DHDM implanted in alveoli induces the acceleration of osteogenesis. Presence of OPN observed more intensely at 10 days close to DHDM


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Alveolar Process/abnormalities , Bone Matrix/abnormalities , Bone Regeneration/physiology , Molar/anatomy & histology , Osteopontin/analysis , Osteopontin/genetics , Analysis of Variance , Data Interpretation, Statistical
17.
Ciênc. rural ; 45(1): 178-183, 01/2015. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-731078

ABSTRACT

Em virtude da grande demanda por proteína de origem animal, tem-se aumentado a produção de frangos de corte e consequentemente a geração de resíduos provenientes do abate de aves, sendo necessário o desenvolvimento de técnicas que permitam o aproveitamento e reciclagem desses materiais. Objetivou-se com a execução deste trabalho avaliar a eficiência da compostagem no tratamento e reciclagem do resíduo sólido de abatedouro avícola. Utilizou-se resíduo sólido de abatedouro avícola comercial composto por fragmentos de vísceras, tecido muscular, adiposo e ósseo, sangue coagulado e penas e, como fonte de carbono, a casca de arroz. Montou-se uma leira com 1,5m3 de volume inicial, na qual foram monitorados os parâmetros: temperatura, teores de sólidos totais (ST), voláteis (SV), N, P, K, carbono orgânico (C), matéria orgânica compostável (MOC), matéria orgânica resistente à compostagem (MORC), demanda química de oxigênio (DQO), massa e volume enleirados, número mais provável (NMP) de coliformes totais e termotolerantes, bem como suas reduções durante o processo. A temperatura máxima atingida no centro da leira foi de 53,3ºC (média semanal), já as reduções de massa de ST e SV e volume durante o processo de pré-compostagem foram de 36,1; 44,3 e 23,3%, respectivamente, e, durante o processo de compostagem, foram de 21,8; 23,8 e 4,4%. A baixa redução do volume das leiras pode estar associada à alta concentração de MORC (40,1%) que pode ser principalmente relacionada à qualidade da fonte de carbono. O processo promoveu satisfatórias reduções totais de ST, SV e volume, sendo, respectivamente, 50,1; 57,5 e 26,7%. No entanto, foram observadas reduções de 43% na quantidade de nitrogênio presente no composto final. Apesar das reduções de nitrogênio, a compostagem demonstrou ser um método eficiente no tratamento dos resíduos sólidos de abatedouro avícola.


The great demand for animal protein was responsible for the increase on the broilers production and hence, the generation of waste from the poultry slaughter was increased as well, which in turn, propelled the development of techniques that allow the reuse and recycling of these wastes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of composting on the treatment and recycling of solid waste from poultry slaughterhouse. The solid waste was from a commercial poultry slaughterhouse and was composed of viscera, muscle, fat, bone, blood and feathers that was mixed with a source of carbon, rice husk. Initially, a windrow with a volume of 1.5m3 was built, and then some parameters were monitored: temperature, total solids (TS), volatile (VS), N, P, K, organic carbon (C), composting organic matter (COC), organic matter resistant to composting (MORC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), mass and volume of the windrow, most probable number (MPN) of total and fecal coliforms, as well as their reductions during the process. The maximum temperature reached in the center of the windrow was 53.3°C (weekly average) since reductions of weight of TS and VS and volume during the pre-composting were 36.1, 44.3 and 23.3%, respectively and during the composting process was 21.8, 23.8 and 4.4%. The low volume reduction can be associated with high concentrations of MORC (40.1%) which can be mainly related to the quality of the carbon source. The process produced satisfactory total reductions of TS, VS and volume that were respectively, 50.1, 57.5 and 26.7%. However reductions were observed in 43% of amount of nitrogen in the final compound. Despite reductions in nitrogen content, composting proved to be an effective method in the treatment of solid waste from poultry slaughterhouse.

18.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 27(4): 570-582, out.-dez. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-668119

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Demonstrar o uso da cirurgia minimamente invasiva para tratamento da valva aórtica e comparar seus resultados com o método tradicional. MÉTODOS: Entre 2006 e 2011, 60 pacientes foram submetidos à cirurgia na valva aórtica, após consentimento escrito, destes 40 pela técnica minimamente invasiva com acesso por minitoracotomia ântero-lateral direita (Grupo 1/G1)e 20 por esternotomia mediana (Grupo 2/G2). Comparamos os tempos operatórios e a evolução pós-operatória intra-hospitalar. RESULTADOS: Os tempos médios de circulação extracorpórea (CEC) e pinçamento aórtico no G1 foram, respectivamente, 142,7 ± 59,5 min e 88,6 ± 31,5 min e, no G2, 98,1 ± 39,1 min e 67,7 ± 26,2 min (P<0,05), uma diferença nas medianas de 39 minutos no tempo de CEC e 23 minutos no pinçamento aórtico foram observados a favor da técnica convencional. A perda sanguínea pelos drenos torácicos foi significativamente menor no grupo minimamente invasivo: 605,1 ± 679,5 ml (G1) versus 1617 ± 1390 ml (G2) (P<0,05). Os tempos médios de internamento em UTI e hospitalar foram menores em G1: 2,3 ± 1,8 dias e 5,5 ± 5,4 dias versus 5,1 ± 3,6 dias e 10 ± 5,1 dias em G2 (P<0,05), respectivamente. O uso de drogas vasoativas no pós-operatório também foi menor no grupo minimamente invasivo 12,8% em G1 versus 45% em G2. CONCLUSÃO: Troca valvar aórtica com o uso de técnicas minimamente invasivas, apesar de demonstrar maiores tempos intraoperatórios, não afeta os resultados pósoperatórios, que nesta casuística mostraram-se melhores quando comparado ao método tradicional.


OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the use of minimally invasive surgery for aortic valve replacement and compare your results with the traditional method. METHODS: Between 2006 and 2011 sixty patients underwent surgery on aortic valve, after written consent, these 40 by minimally invasive technique with right anterior minithoracotomy access (Group 1/G1) and 20 by median sternotomy (Group 2/G2). Compare the operating times and postoperative evolution intra-hospital. RESULTS: The average times of bypass and aortic crossclamp in G1 were, respectively, 142.7 ± 59.5 min and 88.6 ± 31.5 min and, in G2, 98.1 ± 39.1 min and 67.7 ± 26.2 min (P < 0.05), a difference in medians of 39 minutes in bypass time and 23 minutes in aortic cross-clamp were observed in favour of conventional technique. The blood loss by the thoracic drains was significantly lower in the Group: minimally invasive 605.1 ± 679.5 ml (G1) versus 1617 ± 1390 ml (G2) (P < 0.05).The average time of ICU and hospital stay were shorter in G1: 2.3 ± 1.8 and 5.5 ± 5.4 days versus 5.1 ± 3.6 and 10 ± 5.1 in G2 (P < 0.05), respectively. Vasoactive drug use was also less post-operative at 12.8% in minimally invasive group G1 versus 45% in G2. CONCLUSION: Aortic valve replacement through minimally invasive techniques, although intraoperative times larger, not demonstrate affect postoperative results that this case proved best when compared to the traditional approach.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aortic Valve Stenosis/surgery , Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Sternotomy/methods , Thoracotomy/methods , Blood Volume , Blood Loss, Surgical/statistics & numerical data , Length of Stay/statistics & numerical data , Postoperative Period , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures/methods , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
19.
Rev. dental press periodontia implantol ; 4(3): 29-37, jul.-set. 2010. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-594801

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo expõe duas situações para uma reabsorção se instalar em um dente humano. A primeira é a reabsorção dentária inflamatória e a segunda é a anquilose alveolodentária e reabsorção por substituição. Explica que um dente anquilosado e em reabsorção por substituição em áreas não contaminadas não impede o planejamento e nem piora o prognóstico de implantes osseointegráveis no local.


Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Implantation, Endosseous , Osseointegration , Tooth Ankylosis , Tooth Resorption , Dental Cementum , Incisor , Osteoclasts , Periodontal Ligament , Tooth Replantation
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